{"id":13775,"date":"2023-03-15T20:53:01","date_gmt":"2023-03-15T18:53:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unicount.eu\/?p=13775"},"modified":"2024-08-22T14:07:58","modified_gmt":"2024-08-22T11:07:58","slug":"1-subat-2023-tarihinden-itibaren-estonya-sirketlerinin-hisse-sermayeleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/unicount.eu\/tr\/1-subat-2023-tarihinden-itibaren-estonya-sirketlerinin-hisse-sermayeleri\/","title":{"rendered":"1 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinden itibaren Estonya \u015firketlerinin hisse sermayeleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

1 \u015eubat 2023’te yeni bir Estonya Ticaret Kanunu<\/a> y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. Bu yasa, Estonya limitet \u015firketlerinin (O\u00dc) hisse sermayesini d\u00fczenledi.<\/p>\n

2500 Euro tutar\u0131ndaki zorunlu asgari hisse sermayesi ve bir \u015firket kurarken hisse sermayesi \u00f6demenizi ertelemenize izin veren madde kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda detaylar\u0131 inceledik ve 1 \u015eubat’tan \u00f6nce bir Estonya \u015firketini kurmu\u015f ve hisse sermayesini hen\u00fcz \u00f6denmemi\u015f olan kuruculara baz\u0131 \u00f6nerilerde bulunmak istedik.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ncelikle, e-Residency uzmanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan baz\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 y\u00f6nler tespit edilse de, bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler e-resident kuruculara \u00e7ok fazla esneklik katmakta. \u00d6rne\u011fin, hi\u00e7bir e-resident \u015firketi bir Estonya bankas\u0131nda \u00f6n kay\u0131t startup hesab\u0131na eri\u015femedi\u011finden ve yabanc\u0131 finansal kurulu\u015flar da bunu yapmaya haz\u0131r olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, \u015firket hisse sermayesi \u00f6demesinin kurulu\u015ftan \u00f6nce nas\u0131l yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klayan bir madde eklenmi\u015ftir. Bu maddede, ya sadece sermayenin \u00f6dendi\u011finin teyit edilmesi veya mahkeme mevduat hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Yeni \u015firketler i\u00e7in sermaye gereksinimleri<\/h2>\n

1 \u015eubat 2023, Estonya \u00f6zel limitet \u015firketleri (O\u00dc) i\u00e7in gerekli olan asgari hisse sermayesinde k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik getirdi. Estonyal\u0131 giri\u015fimcilerin \u00e7o\u011fu, bir limitet \u015firket i\u00e7in 2500 Euro tutar\u0131nda bir sermayenin gerekli oldu\u011funu bilerek hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131lar. 1995 tarihli ilk Estonya Ticaret Kanunu’ndan bu yana, sermaye gereksinimi 40.000 Estonya kronu olmu\u015ftur ve bu, Estonya 2011’de Euro para birimini kabul etti\u011finde 2556 Euro’ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Daha sonra 2500 Euro’ya yuvarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1 \u015eubat 2023’ten itibaren, kurucular\u0131n ve daha sonra hissedarlar\u0131n, \u00f6zel bir limitet \u015firket kurmak ve i\u015fletmek i\u00e7in gerekli hisse sermayesi miktar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesi gerekecek. Ticaret Kanunu’nun<\/a> \u00a7 148 (1) maddesine g\u00f6re bir hisse sermayesinin asgari itibari de\u011feri (nominal de\u011fer) bir Euro cent oldu\u011fundan, Estonya’daki bir limitet \u015firketin sermayesi, e\u011fer tek bir kurucusu ve hissedar varsa, asl\u0131nda bir Euro cent olabilir.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle, her bir ek hissedar, her bir hisse sermayesi i\u00e7in en az 1 euro cent daha anlam\u0131na gelir. Unicount \u015firket kurulu\u015f hizmetimizde<\/a> varsay\u0131lan sermaye tutar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 1 euro olarak belirledik. Yasal minimum miktardan y\u00fcz kat daha fazla ancak birisi Ticaret Sicilindeki<\/a> \u015firket kay\u0131t detaylar\u0131n\u0131za bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1 sentten daha iyi g\u00f6r\u00fcnecektir.<\/p>\n

Mevcut \u015firketler i\u00e7in hisse sermayesi gereksinimleri<\/h2>\n

Baz\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterilerimiz 1 \u015eubat’tan sonra mevcut \u015firketlerine ne olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu. Bu, bir hissedar olarak 2500 Euro’luk asgari hisse sermayesini \u00f6deyip kaydetme<\/a> veya kaydetmeme durumunuza ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011fu aktif \u015firketin yat\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve kay\u0131tl\u0131 asgari sermayeye sahip oldu\u011funu varsay\u0131yoruz. Bir s\u00fcredir e-resident \u00fcyelere verilen resmi bilgi, \u015firket kayd\u0131ndan sonra hisse sermayesini \u00f6demeniz gerekti\u011fiydi.<\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nce yapmad\u0131ysan\u0131z, hisse sermayenizi \u015fimdi kaydetmeniz i\u00e7in baz\u0131 nedenler s\u0131ralad\u0131k. Ayr\u0131ca, 2500 Euro olan kay\u0131tl\u0131 sermayenizi 1 sente d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in acele etmeden \u00f6nce g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurman\u0131z gereken baz\u0131 yasal n\u00fcanslar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sermayeyi \u00f6dediyseniz ne yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/h2>\n

2500 Euro hisse sermayenizi zaten \u00f6dediyseniz, kay\u0131tl\u0131 sermayeniz yasal asgari miktar\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapmayabilirsiniz veya fazla \u00f6z sermayeyi hissedarlara geri da\u011f\u0131tmak i\u00e7in sermayenizi azaltabilirsiniz. Yine de, bir \u015firket hisse sermayesinin 2500 Euro’nun alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayabilecek ba\u015fka Estonya yasalar\u0131 oldu\u011fundan, bu dikkatli yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Makalenin ilerleyen k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda size baz\u0131 bilgiler verece\u011fiz. Ayr\u0131ca, sermayeyi azalt\u0131rken kanunen t\u00fcm alacakl\u0131lara bildirimde bulunman\u0131z ve karar\u0131 resmi gazete ametlikudteadaanded.ee<\/a>‘de ilan etmeniz gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Hisse sermayesi \u00f6demeleri ve miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltma i\u015flemleri, i\u015flem ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftikten sonraki ay \u015firketin sosyal ve gelir vergisi (TSD) raporlar\u0131na yans\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sermayeyi hen\u00fcz \u00f6demediyseniz ne yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/h2>\n

2500 Euro tutar\u0131ndaki hisse sermayesi borcunuzu hen\u00fcz \u00f6demediyseniz, hissedar olarak hala \u00f6denmemi\u015f borcunuz olan bir durumdas\u0131n\u0131z demektir. K\u00f6t\u00fc haber \u015fu ki, y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 2500 Euro yerine 1 sente indiremezsiniz. \u00d6ncelikle, \u00f6denmemi\u015f sermayeyi \u015firket banka hesab\u0131na yat\u0131rman\u0131z ve Ticaret Sicilinde kaydetmeniz gerekir. \u0130yi haber \u015fu ki, art\u0131k AEA lisansl\u0131 bir finans kurumundaki bir \u015firket ticari hesab\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131lan 2500 Euro’yu Ticaret Siciline kan\u0131tlaman\u0131za gerek yok.<\/p>\n

2018 y\u0131l\u0131 sonuna kadar bu finans kurumu, Estonyal\u0131 bir kredi kurumu yani banka olmak zorundayd\u0131. Bu Estonya’daki bankalar taraf\u0131ndan m\u00fc\u015fteri olarak kabul edilmeyen e-resident \u00fcyeler \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck engeldi. G\u00fcncel yasa ile g\u00fcven d\u00fczeyi 50.000 Euro’ya ba\u011fland\u0131. Bu miktar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, mahkemenin i\u015fletme bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdan dijital olarak imzalanm\u0131\u015f veya ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde g\u00f6nderilen bir sertifika g\u00f6rmek istedi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bir startup iseniz ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131ya veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana hisse devretmek istiyorsan\u0131z, bunun yerine sermayenizi 10.000 Euro’ya y\u00fckseltmeyi ve ard\u0131ndan hisse devirleri i\u00e7in noter gereklili\u011fini kald\u0131rmak ad\u0131na \u015firket s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerini oybirli\u011fiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi de tercih edebilirsiniz. Bu se\u00e7ene\u011fi “Bir Estonya \u015firketine \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i hissedar nas\u0131l eklenir<\/a>” adl\u0131 makalemizde a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131k. \u015eirket s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde de\u011fi\u015fiklik yaparken, maddelerin \u00fczerinde “I would like to waive the formal requirement for a disposition for the transfer and pledge of a share” onay kutusu olarak bulunur. Bu c\u00fcmle, hissedarlar\u0131n sermaye tablosundaki yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kaydetmek de dahil olmak \u00fczere, y\u00f6netim kurulunun hissedarlar listesini verileri \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i bir ba\u015fvuru arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Ticaret Siciline g\u00f6ndererek tutabilece\u011fini kabul etti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer yasalar ne s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor?<\/h2>\n

Estonya \u0130flas Yasas\u0131 29. maddesi 91<\/sup>. bendinde, sermayesi 2500 Euro’nun alt\u0131nda olan \u00f6zel bir limitet \u015firketin hissedarlar\u0131n\u0131 bir iflas davas\u0131nda ge\u00e7ici kayyumun \u00fccret ve masraflar\u0131ndan sorumlu k\u0131lar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00f6zel bir limitet \u015firketin sermayesi 1 Euro ise ve \u015firketin yediemin \u00fccretlerini ve masraflar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layacak yeterli varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoksa, hissedarlar\u0131n potansiyel y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc toplu olarak 2499 Euro’dur.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca Estonya Ticaret Kanunu 176. maddesi, \u00f6zel bir limitet \u015firketin net varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n sermayenin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan daha az\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi durumunda gerekli ad\u0131mlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r. Hissedarlar;<\/p>\n

1) net varl\u0131klar\u0131n sermayenin en az yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturacak \u015fekilde sermayeyi azaltabilir veya art\u0131rabilirler,<\/p>\n

2) \u015firketin net varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n sermayenin en az yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak di\u011fer \u00f6nlemleri alabilirler,<\/p>\n

3) \u015fah\u0131s \u015firketini feshetmek, birle\u015ftirmek, b\u00f6lmek veya de\u011fi\u015ftirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr, veya<\/p>\n

4) iflas dilek\u00e7esi verilebilir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6denmi\u015f sermayesi 1 Euro cent sermaye olan bir \u015firketiniz oldu\u011funda, net varl\u0131klardaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc telafi etmek i\u00e7in 2 sentlik bir sat\u0131\u015f faturas\u0131 olmadan 2 sentlik bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck (\u00f6denmemi\u015f bir fatura veya gider raporu gibi) kaydedildi\u011finde, yasal gereklilikle \u00e7oktan \u00e7eli\u015fmi\u015f olursunuz.<\/p>\n

Estonyal\u0131 giri\u015fimcilerin \u00e7o\u011fu, sizi daha iyi hissettirmek i\u00e7in bunu yaln\u0131zca mali y\u0131l kapan\u0131\u015f bakiyelerini haz\u0131rlarken \u00f6nemser. Kapan\u0131\u015f bakiyeleri y\u0131ll\u0131k hesaplarla birlikte Ticaret Siciline bildirilir ve bu nedenle Tartu \u0130l\u00e7e mahkemesinin kay\u0131t departman\u0131ndan size \u015firketin gerekli net varl\u0131k d\u00fczeyine sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiren otomatik bir mesaj alabilirsiniz. Y\u0131ll\u0131k hesaplar, mali y\u0131l\u0131n kapan\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan 6 ay sonra rapor edildi\u011finden, y\u0131ll\u0131k hesaplarda raporlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan daha iyi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen yeni bilan\u00e7onuzu da sunabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Okudu\u011funuz i\u00e7in te\u015fekk\u00fcrler!<\/h2>\n

Umar\u0131z bu makaleyi be\u011fenmi\u015fsinizdir. Daha fazla sorunuz varsa kapsaml\u0131 destek makaleleri<\/a> koleksiyonumuza g\u00f6z at\u0131n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1 \u015eubat 2023’te yeni bir Estonya Ticaret Kanunu y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. Bu yasa, Estonya limitet \u015firketlerinin (O\u00dc) hisse sermayesini d\u00fczenledi. 2500 Euro tutar\u0131ndaki zorunlu asgari hisse sermayesi ve bir \u015firket kurarken hisse sermayesi \u00f6demenizi ertelemenize izin veren madde kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda detaylar\u0131 inceledik ve 1 \u015eubat’tan \u00f6nce bir Estonya \u015firketini kurmu\u015f ve hisse sermayesini hen\u00fcz \u00f6denmemi\u015f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13670,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[105],"tags":[137,101],"class_list":["post-13775","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-tr","tag-accounting","tag-turkish"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n1 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinden itibaren Estonya \u015firketlerinin hisse sermayeleri | Unicount<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/unicount.eu\/tr\/1-subat-2023-tarihinden-itibaren-estonya-sirketlerinin-hisse-sermayeleri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinden itibaren Estonya \u015firketlerinin hisse sermayeleri\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1 \u015eubat 2023’te yeni bir Estonya Ticaret Kanunu y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. Bu yasa, Estonya limitet \u015firketlerinin (O\u00dc) hisse sermayesini d\u00fczenledi. 2500 Euro tutar\u0131ndaki zorunlu asgari hisse sermayesi ve bir \u015firket kurarken hisse sermayesi \u00f6demenizi ertelemenize izin veren madde kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda detaylar\u0131 inceledik ve 1 \u015eubat’tan \u00f6nce bir Estonya \u015firketini kurmu\u015f ve hisse sermayesini hen\u00fcz \u00f6denmemi\u015f […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/unicount.eu\/tr\/1-subat-2023-tarihinden-itibaren-estonya-sirketlerinin-hisse-sermayeleri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Unicount\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unicount\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-03-15T18:53:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-22T11:07:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/unicount.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/shutterstock_1428775436.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"853\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Adam Rang\" 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